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A |     RENO, Nev. -- In an ongoing legal battle with the Biden administration over a Nevada lithium mine, environmentalists are poised to return to court with a new approach accusing U.S. wildlife officials of dragging their feet on a year-old petition seeking endangered species status for a tiny snail that lives nearby. The Western Watersheds Project said in its formal notice of intent to sue that the government's failure to list the Kings River pyrg as a threatened or endangered species could push it to the brink of extinction.It says the only place the snail is known to exist is in 13 shallow springs near where Lithium Americas is building its Thacker Pass Mine near the Oregon line.President Joe Biden has made ramped-up domestic production of lithium a key part of his blueprint for a greener future. Worldwide demand for the critical element in the manufacture of electric vehicle batteries is projected to increase six-fold by 2030 compared with 2020.Past lawsuits filed by conservationists and tribes have taken aim — largely unsuccessfully — at the Interior Department’s Bureau of Land Management, which they accused of cutting regulatory corners to expedite approval of the mine itself in 2021.The new approach targets the department's Fish and Wildlife Service, charged with ensuring protection of fish and wildlife habitat surrounding the mine site 200 miles (321 kilometers) northeast of Reno.Western Watersheds Project says groundwater pumping associated with the mine’s 370-foot-deep (113-meter) open pit will reduce or eliminate flows to the springs that support the snails.In the formal 90-day notice of intent to sue sent to Interior Secretary Deborah Haaland last month, they say her agency's failure to make a 12-month finding on the listing petition filed in September 2022 is a violation of the Endangered Species Act.“The Fish and Wildlife Service isn’t supposed to sit on its hands while species are in imminent danger of extinction, but the fact that it hasn’t met the deadlines on the pyrg raises questions about why they might be delaying,” Adam Bronstein, the project's Nevada director, said in a statement.“It would be absolutely unacceptable if the Biden Administration is waiting until it’s too late to save the species so as not to interrupt the construction of a lithium mine," he said.Interior Department spokeswoman Melissa Schwartz said in an email Thursday the department had no comment on the group's intent to sue.Western Watersheds Project said time is of the essence because the snails were imperiled even before any new mining was contemplated due to livestock grazing, round-building and, increasingly, the anticipated impacts of climate change.“The species has no regulatory protection whatsoever ... because it is not an endangered species, or even a Bureau of Land Management-listed Sensitive species, and has no state law protections," the notice said.Conservationists and tribal lawyers claimed a partial victory last year when U.S. District Judge Miranda Du concluded the bureau failed to fully comply with new interpretations of the 1872 Mining Law. But she stopped short of blocking the project, allowing construction to begin as the bureau shored up plans for disposal of waste rock.The opponents appealed, but the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upheld Du's ruling in July.The tiny snail’s shell is less than 2 millimeters (0.08 inches) tall. By comparison, a U.S. nickel coin is 1.95 millimeters thick. They've managed to survive in isolated springs, which are remnants of extensive waterways that have covered what is now dry land only to recede many times over the last 2 million years, the listing petition said.The project says three of the springs are within a 1-mile (1.6-kilometer) buffer zone, the bureau established in its review of potential impacts of a 10-foot (3-meter) drawdown of the groundwater table, and the rest are less than 4 miles (4.8 kilometers) away."As drought frequency increases with climate change, the Kings River pyrg will be at high risk of extinction,” the letter to Haaland said. It notes that the Nevada Department of Wildlife considers the pyrg “extremely vulnerable to climate change.”Lithium Americas had no comment on the notice of intent to sue the Fish and Wildlife Service, spokesman Tim Crowley said. The company said when the listing petition was filed last year that it's done extensive work to design a project that avoids impacts to the springs.The Bureau of Land Management said earlier its environmental review of the project that it didn't detect any of the snails "within the direct footprint of the project or any area likely to be adversely affected by the project.”。    25-26年,新一轮海风装机景气度或将开始。

B | 十四五各省海风规划共65GW,十四五装机预计44GW,尚有21GW待装机;再加上23-24年新增竞配51.15GW(大多为“十四五”规划以外增量),后续装机有保障。根据统计18-24年海风新增招标为70GW,对应装机为41GW,尚有29GW待装机,海风建设周期为2年左右,招标规模明显高于装机量,25-26年可能会加速放量。                             根据央视新闻,到2030年,我国海上风电总装机规模预计将达到2亿千瓦,深远海将成为未来海上风电“新蓝海”,预计“十五五”年均装机容量将达到29GW。                             欧洲为全球除中国外海风主要增量市场。在2021年中国海风爆发之前,欧洲海上风电装机量在全球占比维持在50%以上。在欧洲36.73GW的累计装机中,有21.56GW为1991-2019年近30年的装机量,在2020-2024年这5年间欧洲累计装机15.17GW,占全部装机的41%,年均装机达到3.03GW。                             欧盟是世界上最大的天然气消费地区,俄乌冲突的爆发,深刻地改变了欧洲的能源格局,迫使欧洲在压力之下加速调整其能源战略。2025年5月,欧盟在“REPowerEU”行动框架下明确了到2027年停止所有从俄罗斯的天然气进口的目标,切断了俄罗斯天然气供应恢复的可能。欧洲急需寻找独立、稳定的替代电源。                   海风是欧洲替代电源的主要选择之一。欧洲对于天然气替代电源的选择有限:在“净零计划”和高额碳排放费用影响下,化石能源已不在考虑范畴。

C | 2011年福岛核事故后,欧洲反对核能的声音不断出现,各国核电站逐步关停,重启核能也压力重重。因此,海风、陆风、光伏成为欧洲替代电源的主要选择。                   2023年10月,欧盟委员会提出《欧洲风电行动计划》,将欧盟2030年、2050年海风装机目标分别上调至111GW、317GW。至此,欧洲2030年海风装机目标已达161GW以上(欧盟111GW、英国50GW)。                             根据GWEC,截至2024年末,欧洲海上风电累计装机36.73GW,距离2030年161GW以上的目标还有超过124GW的缺口,带来巨大产业机遇。                             2025-2034年这未来10年间,欧洲海风年均装机量有望提升至12.57GW,是2020-2024年年均装机量3.03GW的4倍以上。

D |                              从2022年起,欧洲订单持续外溢至我国厂商。由于欧洲本土海缆、海风基础厂商在手订单过剩,2022年起欧洲海风订单持续外溢至我国厂商。2022年3月,东方电缆中标荷兰HKWB项目海缆;2023年5月,中天科技、东方电缆分别中标波兰Baltica2项目275kV、66kV海缆,合计金额约16亿元;2024年,东方电缆中标英国InchCape海风项目220kV海缆,金额达到18亿元。大金重工自2022年起连续获得欧洲海风基础订单,据统计,截至2025年7月末,其公示的欧洲订单金额已超过90亿元,相当于其2024年营收的2.4倍,成为欧洲海风开发的国内最大受益者。                             一、东方电缆                    公司是国内陆地电缆、海底电缆系统核心供应商,深耕海缆行业多年,目前稳居国内海缆公司前列。                   公司目前业务主要分3大板块:(1)海缆系统业务,主要包括海上风电、海洋油气和岛屿互联板块;(2)陆缆系统业务,包括智能输配电网、智慧建筑&家居、轨道交通、装备用电、绿色石油化工等板块;(3)海洋工程业务,主要包括海缆敷设施工、海陆缆运行维护、抢修服务以及竣工验收服务,与公司电缆制造业务互为协同。                             海缆指的是海底电力电缆,是海上风电场电力送出系统的核心部件。海上风电场的电力传输分为3个节点:风机(机组通过变压器升压至35/66kv)、海上升压站/换流站(将汇集的电流升压至220kv以上)、陆上集控中心(接入主网)。                             近几年国内海风行业深远海化趋势明显,离岸距离显著增加,根据IREAN的数据,2017年国内海上风电项目的平均离岸距离仅为15公里,2023年提升至27公里。                             近日公司发布2025年三季报,Q3单季营收30.66亿元,同比增长16.55%,归母净利润4.41亿元,同比增长53.12%,扣非后净利润4.40亿元,同比增长79.47%;公司前三季度营收74.98亿元,同比增长11.93%,归母净利润9.14亿元,同比减少1.95%。                             截至2025年10月23日,公司在手订单约195.51亿元,其中电力工程与装备线缆38.86亿元、海底电缆与高压电缆117.37亿元、海洋装备与工程运维39.28亿元,在手订单饱满。                   二、中国巨石                    中国巨石股份有限公司为中国建材旗下玻纤板块核心企业,主营玻纤及制品的生产销售。公司为全球玻纤龙头企业,粗纱和电子纱/布产能规模均位居国内首位,在风电/热塑/电子布领域竞争实力强劲,已实现热固(TS)粗纱全球第一、热塑(TP)短切全球第一、电子(IT)薄布全球第一。                   1、受益风电叶片大型化                    随着风电产业发展和风电技术进步,基于风资源使用效率持续提升和度电成本不断降低的要求,风电机组大型化已成为行业发展的重要趋势。据GWEC,目前陆上风电机组主流机型集中在5~6MW的机组,6MW以上的机型有望成为未来几年陆上风电的主打产品。而在海上风电领域,目前各大风机厂商已推出10MW以上的机型,其中风电整机龙头维斯塔斯和通用电气等均已推出15MW和14MW的海上风机,其风机叶片的直径通常超过200米。

E |                              玻纤是风机轻量化和大型化的关键材料。风电纱主要指应用在风电领域的玻璃纤维纱,产品种类以直接纱为主。玻璃纤维具有保温、绝热、增强效果好、重量轻等特点,是风电轻量化、大型化的关键材料,主要应用在叶片、机舱、导流罩等部位,其中叶片是最主要的应用部位,叶片的蒙皮、腹板和主梁上都会使用玻璃纤维作为增强材料。                   玻璃纤维的拉伸模量是影响叶片变形的关键因素之一,因此其模量的增加对叶片刚度的提升意义重大。玻璃纤维企业持续不断的进行技术创新。                   2008年,公司自主研发出全国首个具有完全自主知识产权的E6高性能玻璃配方,成功突破“卡脖子”技术;随后2009-2019年,公司陆续推进E7、E8系列产品,改进原有工艺,改善了产品性能和生产成本;2020年,公司成功推出E9超高模量玻纤并实现池窑化量产,模量超过100Gpa,成为全球玻纤行业模量最高的配方,主要应用超长海上风电叶片领域,适用范围最长为110米。

F | 公司自主研发生产的高模高强E8、E9系列风电纱,拥有独特性能,均能够应用于海上风电。                             2、受益电子布                    电子玻纤纱是一种绝缘性较好的玻纤材料,可制成玻纤布,用于印制电路板(PCB)的核心基材——覆铜板(CCL)的生产。电子玻纤纱约占覆铜板成本的25%-40%,是制备PCB的重要原材料,PCB是电子信息技术产业的核心基础组件,下游覆盖消费电子、汽车电子、通信、计算机等高端领域。目前全球AI技术发展迅速,,未来有望带动高端电子布的需求释放。                   公司自2005年开始涉足电子布领域,2017年开始大规模扩产增量,现已做到电子布行业效率、技术、管控的全面领先,成本优势领先竞争对手30%。目前,公司拥有电子纱/布产能为27万吨/9.6亿m,市场份额位居行业首位。                   公司7628型电子布产能规模居行业首位,具有高强度、高耐热性、电气特性佳等特点,广泛应用于中低端PCB产品市场,同时公司成功开发多种电子纱/布高端产品,如直径3.7微米超细纱、直径9微米电子纱、超5G低介电常数玻纤等产品,并已在高端电路板、汽车电子、5G通信等领域广泛运用。

G | 随着公司淮安10万吨电子纱项目逐步建成投产,未来公司有望进一步提高高端电子布/纱产品份额。                   3、三季报利润翻倍+贷款回购股份                    近日,公司发布三季报,2025年前三季度公司实现营业收入139.04亿元,同比+19.53%;归母净利润25.68亿元,同比+67.51%;扣非后归母净利润26.12亿元,同比+125.91%。                             10月25日,公司发布回购股份的公告,要在不超过22元的价格,买3-4000万股;回购的股份将用于公司股权激励计划,若股权激励计划未能取得国资委批复、股东大会未能审议通过等,就予以注销并减少注册资本;本次回购股份的资金来源为公司自有资金及自筹资金,目前已取得招商银行嘉兴分行出具的《贷款承诺函》,承诺为公司提供不超过人民币63,000万元。                   注意:本文为长期逻辑。

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