A | 石家庄8月21日电 题：“中国雪花梨之乡”打出梨果产销提质“组合拳” 作者 张会杰 时至8月下旬，河北省石家庄市赵县的雪花梨即将迎来大面积成熟采收期。赵县被誉为“中国雪花梨之乡”，近年以来，当地政府携手梨农、农业合作社聚焦梨果种植和销售关键环节打出“组合拳”，不断促进产业提质增效。8月21日，河北省石家庄市赵县的一处梨园内，梨果挂满枝头，丰收在望。
B | 张会杰 摄 “第一紧要提升梨的品质。
C | ”谈及种梨，赵县谢庄镇一家梨果种植专业合作社负责人张慧玲开门见山。 FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried believed in utilitarianism and thought rules against lying or stealing inhibited his ability to maximize the greatest benefit for the most people, his former girlfriend and co-worker testified Wednesday at his federal fraud trial."He didn't think rules like 'don't lie' or 'don't steal' fit into that framework," Caroline Ellison, Bankman-Fried's on-again, off-again girlfriend, said.She said Bankman-Fried's belief caused her to accept behavior she recognized as wrong."I think it made me more willing to do things like lie or steal over time. When I started working at Alameda, I don't think I would have believed if you told me I would be sending false balance sheets or taking customer money," Ellison, who served as CEO of Alameda Research, said. "Over time it became something I was more comfortable with."Bankman-Fried faces seven counts of fraud, conspiracy and money laundering centered on his alleged use of customer deposits on the crypto trading platform FTX to cover losses at his hedge fund, Alameda Research, and to buy lavish real estate, among other personal expenses.On the witness stand for a second day Wednesday, Ellison walked the jury through Alameda balance sheets which, by October 2022, showed Bankman-Fried's private hedge fund owed FTX customers nearly $14 billion."We had a lot of risk on and we owed a lot of money to FTX customers," Ellison said. "We had no way to repay it."She said Bankman-Fried thought about trying to raise money from Mohammed bin Salman, the Saudi crown prince, or by selling shares in FTX, which would collapse in bankruptcy the following month, in November 2022."I was in a state of dread. I was thinking, worrying, imagining every day what would happen if people tried to withdraw too much money at one time," she said. "I was imagining all the FTX customers who we worked with who would get hurt by this."To shore up Alameda's precarious financial position Bankman-Fried told Ellison to repay Alameda's loans with money it borrowed surreptitiously from FTX customers, she testified Wednesday."He directed me to continue repaying Alameda's loans," Ellison said."How?" prosecutor Danielle Sassoon asked."By taking money from FTX customer funds," she replied.When Sassoon asked her if she knew it was wrong, Ellison replied, "Yeah I thought it was wrong," but continued to do it because "Sam told me to."By that point, Alameda had taken about $10 billion from FTX and Ellison said she worried its lender, Genesis, would find out."We had been borrowing increasing amounts of money from FTX customers and I didn't want Genesis to know that," Ellison said. "I didn't want Genesis or others to know that Alameda was borrowing a lot of money from FTX."Ellison said Bankman-Fried cautioned her against putting anything in writing, once telling her, "Anything we put on Slack should be something we're comfortable seeing in The New York Times."Ellison also described a "large bribe to Chinese government officials to get some of our trading accounts unlocked." Alameda had two trading accounts worth about a billion dollars on exchanges based in China, which were both frozen in 2021 as part of a Chinese government investigation into money laundering.It was a substantial amount of Alameda's trading capital at the time and Ellison accused Bankman-Fried of saying "that we should send the cryptocurrency transfers" equaling about $100 million.。 2016年初，头顶大学生光环的她放弃北京工作，选择留在家乡种梨。十年磨一剑，张慧玲这些年的心血，全部倾注在梨果品质的打磨上。 张慧玲牵手百余农户成立合作社，摒弃化学肥料、农药、生长调节剂以及各种残害土壤的添加物，采用自然农耕法种梨，不仅留草养地，还巧用玉米芯、废弃梨果皮发酵制成酵素有机肥替代化肥，持续改良土壤土质“蓄力”。 “地有劲了，结出的梨果又大又甜。”张慧玲介绍说，遵循大自然法则种梨，采用物理方式防治虫害，坚持不早采，梨的品质提升了，产量也上去了，一亩地收入高的能达到两万元，精品果单个能卖到10元以上。
D | 张慧玲的故事是当地梨果产业从粗放式走向精细化的生动注脚。目睹张慧玲种梨方式有“钱途”，加上当地政府部门因势利导，梨农们纷纷摒弃大水大肥“求量不求质”的粗放模式，种植全过程用足“绣花功夫”。
E | 赵县农业农村局副局长何占强介绍说，近年来，当地积极推行梨果绿色标准化生产，大力推广有机肥替代化肥、生物物理防控等绿色生态管护技术，梨果品质实现质的飞跃，优质果率达90%以上。
F | 8月9日，河北省石家庄市赵县梨树研究所内的梨雕塑。 张会杰 摄 “酒香也怕巷子深”，梨农们种出高品质梨，为打开产品销路，需要主动搭上互联网的快车。 在赵县，玩转短视频、直播的“农创客”“新农人”越来越多。他们将直播间搬进田间地头，从“等客来”变成“云端卖”。 今年4月，25岁的武天硕加入“网上卖梨”的队伍。此前在大城市格子间敲代码的他，如今走在家乡的梨园，把手机变成“新农具”，拍视频、做直播，借助互联网将梨果变成了致富果。 当地政府部门也在助力赋能。8月初，共青团赵县县委联合梨果主产区的谢庄镇、范庄镇开展短视频拍摄剪辑技能培训，邀请专业人员介绍平台规则，手把手传授实用拍摄技巧，帮助梨农们掌握网络推广销售本领。 据了解，目前赵县梨果产业年产值40亿元，全县从事梨果种植、加工、销售及配套上下游产业从业人员达14万人。
G | “14万老乡吃这碗饭，产业提质增效至关重要。”何占强说，下一步，赵县将持续深耕绿色标准化种植，不断拓宽销售渠道，积极完善优化全产业链条，全力推动产业高质量发展。
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